Acid- base & salt

 Introduction to Acids, Bases and Salts

Classification of matter

On the basis of

a) composition –  elements, compounds and mixtures

b) state – solids, liquids and gases

c) solubility – suspensions, colloids and solutions

Types of mixtures – homogeneous and heterogeneous

Types of compounds – covalent and ionic

What Is an Acid and a Base?

Ionisable and non-ionisable compounds

An ionisable compound when dissolved in water or in its molten state, dissociates into ions almost entirely. Example: NaCl, HCl, KOH, etc.

A non-ionisable compound does not dissociate into ions when dissolved in water or in its molten state. Example: glucose, acetone, etc.

Examples

Acids 

• Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

• Sulphuric acid  (H2SO4)

• Nitric acid (HNO3)

Bases

• Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

• Potassium hydroxide (KOH)

• Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)